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Robert Zemeckis
Robert Lee Zemeckis〔 (born May 14, 1952) is an American filmmaker and screenwriter. Zemeckis is credited as one of the greatest "visual storytellers" in filmmaking and is a pioneer of visual effects. He has directed some of the biggest blockbuster hits of the past few decades. He first came to public attention in the 1980s as the director of ''Romancing the Stone'' (1984) and the science-fiction comedy ''Back to the Future'' film trilogy, as well as the live-action/animated family comedy ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' (1988). In the 1990s he diversified into more dramatic fare, including 1994's ''Forrest Gump'', for which he won an Academy Award for Best Directing. The films he has directed have ranged across a wide variety of genres, for both adults and families.
His films are characterized by an interest in state-of-the-art special effects, including the early use of the insertion of computer graphics into live-action footage in ''Back to the Future Part II'' (1989) and the pioneering performance capture techniques seen in ''The Polar Express'' (2004), ''Beowulf'' (2007) and ''A Christmas Carol'' (2009). Though Zemeckis has often been pigeonholed as a director interested only in effects, his work has been defended by several critics, including David Thomson, who wrote that "No other contemporary director has used special effects to more dramatic and narrative purpose."〔Robert Zemeckis profile, ''The New Biographical Dictionary of Film'' by David Thomson (2002 ed.); ISBN 0-375-70940-1, pp. 958-59.〕
==Early life==
Zemeckis was born in Chicago, Illinois,〔 the son of Rose (''née'' Nespeca) and Alphonse Zemeckis. His father was Lithuanian American and his mother was Italian American. Zemeckis grew up on the south side of the city. He attended a Roman Catholic grade school and Fenger Academy High School. Zemeckis has said "the truth was that in my family there was no art. I mean, there was no music, there were no books, there was no theater... The only thing I had that was inspirational, was television—and it actually was."〔
As a child, he loved television and was fascinated by his parents' 8 mm film home movie camera. Starting off by filming family events like birthdays and holidays, he gradually began producing narrative films with his friends that incorporated stop-motion work and other special effects. Along with enjoying movies, Zemeckis remained an avid TV watcher. "You hear so much about the problems with television," he said, "but I think that it saved my life." Television gave Zemeckis his first glimpse of a world outside of his blue-collar upbringing;〔 specifically, he learned of the existence of film schools on an episode of ''The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson''. After seeing ''Bonnie and Clyde'' with his father and being heavily influenced by it,〔 Zemeckis decided that he wanted to go to film school. His parents disapproved of the idea, Zemeckis later said, "But only in the sense that they were concerned... for my family and my friends and the world that I grew up in, this was the kind of dream that really was impossible. My parents would sit there and say, 'Don't you see where you come from? You can't be a movie director.' I guess maybe some of it I felt I had to do in spite of them, too."〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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